除了身份验证，Spring Security还检查登录用户的授权。登录后，将根据用户的ROLE完成授权用户访问资源的操作。
在WebSecurityConfig类中创建用户时，我们也可以指定用户的ROLE。
应用于方法的安全性仅限于未经授权的用户，并且仅允许真实用户。
让我们看一个示例。首先，通过提供详细信息创建一个Maven项目。
该项目最初看起来像这样:
Spring security配置
现在，配置应用程序以防止未经授权和未经身份验证的用户。它需要下面给出的四个Java文件，创建一个包com.div.cn并将其放在其中。
//AppConfig.java
此类用于在视图解析器的帮助下设置视图后缀和前缀。
package com.div.cn;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({ "com.div.cn.controller.*" })
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver
= new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return viewResolver;
}
}
//MvcWebApplicationInitializer.java.java
package com.div.cn;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
public class MvcWebApplicationInitializer extends
AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[] { WebSecurityConfig.class };
}
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
// TOdo Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[] { "/" };
}
}
//SecurityWebApplicationInitializer.java
package com.div.cn;
import org.springframework.security.web.context.*;
public class SecurityWebApplicationInitializer
extends AbstractSecurityWebApplicationInitializer {
}
//WebSecurityConfig.java
此类用于创建用户并设置其身份验证。每当用户要访问该应用程序时，都需要登录。
package com.div.cn;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.*;
import org.springframework.security.core./spring/userdetails.*;
import org.springframework.security.core./spring/userdetails.User.UserBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher;
@EnableWebSecurity
@ComponentScan("com.div.cn")
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled=true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
public UserDetailsService /spring/userDetailsService() {
// ensure the passwords are encoded properly
UserBuilder /spring/users = User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder();
InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();
manager.createUser(/spring/users./spring/username("irfan").password("/spring/user123").roles("USER").build());
manager.createUser(/spring/users./spring/username("/spring/admin").password("/spring/admin123").roles("ADMIN").build());
return manager;
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests().
antMatchers("/index","/").permitAll()
.antMatchers("//spring/admin","//spring/user").authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.and()
./spring/logout()
./spring/logoutRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("//spring/logout"));
}
}
控制器
创建控制器HomeController并放入 com.div.cn.controller 包中。
//HomeController.java
package com.div.cn.controller;
import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class HomeController {
@RequestMapping(value="/", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String index() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping(value="//spring/user", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String /spring/user() {
return "/spring/admin";
}
@RequestMapping(value="//spring/admin", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String /spring/admin() {
return "/spring/admin";
}
// Only, a person having ADMIN role can access this method.
@RequestMapping(value="//spring/update", method=RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ROLE_ADMIN')")
public String /spring/update() {
return "record /spring/updated ";
}
}
视图
创建以下视图(JSP页面)以为用户生成输出。将所有视图放入 WEB-INF/views 文件夹。
//index.jsp
<html> <head> <title>Home Page</title> </head> <body> Welcome to Nhooo! <br> <br> Login as: <a href="/spring/admin">Admin</a> <a href="/spring/user">User</a> </body> </html>
///spring/admin.jsp
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Home Page</title> </head> <body> <span style="color: green">Login Successful!</span> ? <a href="/spring/logout" style="text-decoration: none;">/spring/logout</a> <br> <br> <a href="/spring/update" style="text-decoration: none;">Update Record</a> </body> </html>
打包依赖项
以下是创建此项目所需的依赖项。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.div.cn</groupId> <artifactId>springmethod</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId> <version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId> <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.security/spring-security-config --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId> <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans --> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-framework-bom --> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.6</version> <configuration> <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
项目结构
添加上述所有文件后，我们的项目如下所示:
运行服务器
输出:
首次以ADMIN身份登录
登录后，
点击 更新记录，然后查看记录是否已更新，因为用户的角色是ADMIN。
用户登录
现在，以用户身份登录。
现在，单击 更新记录，由于用户角色为USER，因此服务器拒绝访问。
